Section+12-5+Kingdoms+of+Southeast+Asia+and+Korea

=Section 12-5 Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea=

Bold: Khmer Empire- In what is now Cambodia was for centuries the main power on the Southeas Asia mainland. Angkor Wat- One of the world biggest architechual achievments. The complex, which covers nearly a square mile was built as a smybolic mountain to the Hindu God Vishnu. Koryu Dynasty- A dynasty that lasted four and a helf centuries, from 935 to 1392.

Key People: Wang Kon

Ideas/Events: GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTHEAST ASIA:
 * Southeast Asia lies between the Indian and Pacific Oceans and stretches from Asia to almost Asturillia.
 * Southeast Asia comsists of two main parts 1) Indochina, the mainland penninsula that borders China to the north and India to the West. 2) The islands, the largest of witch includ Sumatra, Boreno, and Java.
 * On the mianland five great rivers flow from the North and cut vallies from the sea.
 * Throughout Southeast Asia's history the key to political power often has been control of trade routes and harbors.
 * The two important waterways connecting to the sea were the Strait of malacca between the Malay Penninsula and Sumatra. The other important water way was the Sunda Strait.
 * By first century A.D. Indian Merchant ships starting arriving in Southeast Asia.

INFLUENCE OF INDIA ON CHINA:
 * The Indians spread their relgious belifes of Hinduism and Buddihism to the Southeast Asia people.
 * Indian influence shaped many aspects of the regions culture.Chines ideas on the otherhand spread southward through migration and trade.

THE KHMER EMPIRE:
 * The Khmer Empire had comquered neigboring kindoms and created an empire.
 * The peak of the Khmer Empire;s power was around 1200.
 * The Khmer built elaborate systems and waterways.

ISLAND TRADING KINDOMS:
 * Other powerful kingfoms also developed on Southeast Asia's islands.
 * A dynasty called sailendra ruled an agricultural kingdom the island of Java.
 * The sailendra people also left behind one of the world's greatest arcitechual buildings called the Borobuder, a Buddhist temple.
 * The Borobuder was built around 800.
 * The sailendra empire eventually got over throw by the Srivijaya.
 * The sirivijaya lasted from the 7th century to the 13 century.
 * The sirivijaya people grew wealthy by taxing trade that passed through the waters.
 * .Srivijayas established a capital Palembang it was on the isalnd of sumatra.

DAI VIET:
 * The people of Southeast asia influenced by India were the vietnamise. located in the costal region, South of China.
 * During the Han dynasty China took over vietnam.
 * Vietnam managed to break away from China during the weak period of the Tang dynasty, this break away is known as Dai Viet in 939.
 * Vietnamise women tended to have more power than the chines women.
 * Ruler of the Ly dynasty (1009-1225) located their capital at hanoi.
 * Changed made by the Ly dynast continue to efffect the vietnamise today.

GEOGRAPHY OF KOREA:
 * In Korean legend it states that the first Korean State was founded by the hero Tan'gun whose father was a god and whose mother was a bear.
 * Koreans adapted borrowed culture to fit their own needs.
 * Korea is located on a penninsula that juts out from the Asian mainland towards japan.
 * The size is compared the the state of Utah.
 * Just like Japan Korea is a mountainous country whre only a portion of the land can be farmed.
 * Korea developed an isolation from its neibors.

EARLY HISTORY:
 * The han dynasty conquered the korea and established military governmant there.
 * Koreans learned about idea such as centeralized government, confucianism, Buddhism and writing.
 * In the mid 600 a kingfom named the Silla defeated the other kingdoms, drove out the chines, and gained control of the whole Korean penninsula.
 * Under silla rule Koreans built buddha monistaries, and produced stone and elegant bronze.

THE KORYU DYNASTY:
 * By the tenth centry the silla rule had weakened.
 * Around 935 a rebel officer named Wang Kon gained conrol of Korea and became king.
 * His dynasty he created was named the Koryu dynasty.
 * this dynasty lasted four and a half centeries from 935 to 1392.
 * The dynasty has a civil service system.
 * The Koryu dynasty was sharply divided between landed aristocracy and the rest of the population, including the military, commoners, and slaves.
 * In 1231 the Koryu dynasty faced a major threat when the Mongols swept into Korea, they demanded a crushing tribute of 20,000 horses, clothing for one million soliders, and children and artisands who would be taken as slaves.
 * The harsh mongol empire colapsed in the 1360.
 * The Koryu dynasty was overthrown by scholar-officals and military learders, they established a new dynasty called the Choson or Yi dynasty.

KORYU CULTURE:
 * The Koryu period produced great achivements in Korean culture.
 * Korean Artisans one of the great treasures of the Buddhists world, many thousands of large woden blocks for printing all of the Buddhists scriptures.
 * This set of blocks was destoryed by the mongols, witch sparked a affort to recreate them. 80,000 of the recreated blocks are still here with us today.

Enviormental Challanges:
 * All of Southeast Asia lies within the warm humid tropics.
 * Monsoon winds bring the region heavy seasonal rains.