Hinudism+and+Buddism+Develope

=Hindusim and Buddism Develope=

Bold: Reincarnation- an individual soul or spirit born over and over until moksha is achieved. Karma- a souls good or bad deeds follows from one reincarnation to a another. Jainism- was founded by Mahavira, it means that everything in the universe has a soul and should not be harmed. Siddhartha Gautama- the founder of Buddism. He was born into a Nobel family that lived in the foothills of the himalayas in Nepal. Enlightenment- it means wisdom, siddhartha search for it for six years. Nirvana- the Budda's word for release from selfishness and pain. Anyone could reach nirvana if they followed the Eightfold path.

Key people: Siddhartha Gautama

Key events/ideas:

HINDUISM EVOLVES OVER CENTURIES
 * Hinudism is a collection of religious believes the developed slowly over time.
 * Hinudism cannot be traced back to one founder with a single set of ideas.
 * Hindus see religion as a way of liberating the soul from illusions, disappointments, and mistakes of everyday existence.
 * Hindu teachers comments are called Upanishads they are written as dialogue or discussion.
 * Moksha is a state of perfect understanding of all things.
 * Hinduism has gone through many changeover the last 2,500 years.
 * Brahman means soul.
 * Brahman was sometimes seen as having the personalities of three gods: brahma the creator, Vishnu the protector, Shiva the destroyer.
 * Vishna took on many personalities on it own like Krishna the Devine cowherder or as Rama the absolute perfect king.
 * Over Many centuries the creator Brahma faded into the background while many forms of the goddess Devi grew in importance.
 * Hindus today are free to choose the deity they worship or choose none at all.
 * Hinuds are free to choose three different paths to achieve Moksha.
 * The three paths are called the path of right thinking, right acion, or the path of religios devotion.
 * Hindu believfs in reincarnation and karma strengthened the caste system.
 * The laws of karma workes the same as the world other natural laws.
 * Good karma brought good fortune therefor bad karma brought bad fortune.
 * Visnu grew to become a major hindu god, he is seen as the whole universe in all of its variety he is seen blue, the color of infinity.
 * Jainism was born in 599 b.c. and died of in 527 b.c.
 * Jain monks carry the doctrine of nonviolence to its logical conclusion.
 * They swept ants off they're path wearing gauze masks over mouths to avoid breathing in an insect accidentally.
 * The monks had ahistory of working in trade and commerse as to not harm any creature.

THE BUDDA SEEKS ENLIGHTENMENT
 * Buddism developed out of the same period of religious questioning that shaped modern Hinduism and Jainism.
 * According to great Buddhist leagand Siddhartha as a baby exibted the marks of a great man.
 * A phrofecy indicated that if the child stayed home, he would one day become a great ruler, if he left home he would become a great spiritual leader instead.
 * To make sure his boy would be a great king Siddhartha's father isolated him inside his palace separated from the world.
 * Siddhartha never stopped thinking about the world that lay outside of his palace.
 * When he was 29 he ventured outside the palace grounds and saw an old man, a asick man, a courpse, and a religious man who seemed t be at peace with himself. he saw these events as a sign that said everybody expiriencedold age, sickness, and death and that only a religious life offer a refuge from from this invitable suffering.
 * Siddhartha wandered the forsts of India for six years trying to find enlightenment.
 * He achieved enlightenement by meditating under a tree for 49 days, from then on he was know as Buddha or enlightened one.
 * The Buddhas first serman became a landmark in the history of the world religion.
 * the laid the semans out in four different ideas that he called the four nobel truths.
 * First nobel truth- Life is filled with suffering and sorrow.
 * Second nobel truth- The cause of all suffering is people's selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of the world.
 * Third nobel truth- The way to end all suffering is to end all desires.
 * Fourth nobel truth- Follow the eightfold path witch is the middle way between desires and self denial.
 * The eightfold path, a guild to behavior was like a staircase. For the Buddha those who were seeking enlightenment had to master on step at a time.
 * Just like Hinduism the Buddha accepted the idea of reincarnation.
 * However the Buddha rejected the idea of the many gods of Hinduism, instead he taught a way of enlightenment.
 * Moksha for Hindus and nirvana for Buddhists are quite similar both being the perfect stae of understanding.
 * The five people who heard the Buddhas first serman became the first monks amitted to the sangha or Buddhist religion order.
 * The religious community, Buddha, and the dharma (Buddhist doctrine or teaching) make the three jewls of Buddism.
 * The Buddha rejected the idea of a caste system.
 * Monks and nuns took a vow to live a life of poverty, to be nonviolent, and not to marry.
 * Shorty after the Buddhas death, they wrote down all of his teachings.
 * Buddhists ideas travled along central Asian trade routes to China.
 * Several theories exsist about Buddhism's gradual disapearance in Inida, one idea is that Hinduism simply absorbed Buddhism.
 * Over time Buddha became one of Hinndu's ten incarnations.
 * India had always been an important place of pilgrimage for Buddhists.
 * Traders carried Buddhism to Sri lanka.
 * Buddhist religion was laso brought by trade to Burma, Thialand, and the islands of Sumatra.
 * The movement of trade made Buddhism the most widespread religion of east Asia.

Enviormental challenges:

Trade Spreads Indian Religion And Culture

BOLD: Mahayana- the people who accepted the new doctrines. Theravada- the people who held the Buddha's stricter teachings instead of the new doctrines. Stupas- mounted stone structures built over holy relics. Brahma- one of the Hindu gods known as the creator of the world. Vishnu- another god in hinduism know as the world preserver. Shiva- the last major god in the Hindu religion know as the destined of the world. Kalidasa- one of India's greatest writers, who may have been the court poet for Chandra Gupta the second. His most famous play is Silk Roads- a vast network of caravan routes that the central Asian nomads told the Indian people about.

Key people: Kalidasa Aryabhata

Ideas/events:

BUDDHISM AND HINDUISM CHANGE
 * By 250 b.c. Hinduism and Buddhist were India's two main religions.
 * Hinduism is a complex polytheistic religion that blended Aryan beliefs with the many gods and cults of diverse people.
 * nirvana was achieved by ignoring the real world and embracing the spiritual world.
 * When the Buddha died some of his followers interpited his teaching very differently.
 * some people even thought that there could be more than one Buddha.
 * those potential buddhas were called bodhisattas.
 * Hinduism and Buddhism had both become remote to the people by he time of the mayran Empire.

ACHIEVMENTS OF THE INDIAN CULTURE:
 * just as HUNNDUISM and Buddhism went through changes the Indian culture did aswell.
 * India entered a high productive period of time where they learned math science art and literature.
 * More than 2,000 Tamil poems still scalar from India today.
 * Literature and drama was very popular in India.
 * The expansion of trade in India advanced sciences.
 * From being invaded by the greekthe Indian people picked up ways to tell time.
 * they used valences base on the cycle of he sun instead of the moon.
 * almost 1000 years befoe cumbus the Indian people figured out that the earth was round.
 * A man named ayrabhatta dropped pi downto four desimal points.
 * He also calculated a solar year to be 356 days.
 * The Indians deceived more than 1000 kinds of decises.

THE SPREAD OF INDIAN TRADE: Some traders brought Indian religions into new regions.
 * the Indian were very rich in precious resources like wood,gold, pearls, diamonds, and spaphiers and so much more.
 * Trade In India spread even after the end of the Mauryan empire.
 * once the Indians learned aboutfhe silk roads they realized they could make a great profit.
 * archiologists have found hoards o roman in India from trade of spices and other materials.
 * Many Romans wee upset about the amount of gold that their countrymen spent on Indian luxuries.
 * Rome wasn't India's only sea trading partner.
 * India imported African ivory and gold and exported cotton cloth.
 * Rice and wheat went to Arabia in exhabge for dates and horses.
 * increase trade inindia lead to more banking.
 * commerce was quite profitable.
 * A number of Indian merchants went to go live abroad and brougt mNy Indian traditions with them.

Environmental challenges: